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Nitro Powered Cars
Nitrous Oxide and additional enrichment fuel is injected into the induction system somewhere along its length. Where is really not that important, provided that it goes into the engine evenly, with the same amount of Nitrous Oxide and additional fuel to each cylinder. There are all kinds of daft arguments about "plate" (under Carburettor) systems versus Direct port systems, but in reality it makes little to no difference at all! At least when using Nitrous Systems jetted at the solenoids as my systems & HighPower's and Akamoto's systems are. The dynamometer has proved this lots of times over many years. Once the extra fuel and Nitrous Oxide gets into the cylinder it the heat breaks it down into Oxygen, and Nitrogen, under compression & combustion, allowing the now free oxygen to burn the extra fuel. This is where most but not all of the extra power comes from. Known as "Foggers" (started by NOS Systems in the US), these inject the Nitrous and use this rapidly expanding liquid Nitrous as it starts to boil off into a gas to atomise or "fog" the fuel as it enters the inlet tract. The high pressure Nitrous Oxide hits the fuel as it enters the intake, and breaks the fuel into a very fine mist. The point of injection can be very close to the cylinder for minimal expansion, or at the throttle plate or elsewhere in the induction system. In many cases, depending on how the nozzles are situated and aimed, the normally aspirated airflow will normally increase as well - in part due to the cooling effect increasing the density of all the air/nitrous inside the inlet tract.
Air has only 21% Oxygen, the rest
is made up largely of inert Nitrogen. That nitrogen does not aid in
combustion at all, but it does absorb energy, expand and carry heat
away. When you add Nitrous, it has 36% oxygen with the rest being Nitrogen
once the heat has broken it down. So the more Nitrous Oxide you add,
the less percentage of Nitrogen is available to absorb heat. That is
why Nitrous increases engine heat very rapidly. If we were to add pure
oxygen (which has been tried), the percentage of Nitrogen would fall
much faster as more Oxygen was added. We would not be able to add much
Oxygen before heat was a problem to control. Also compressed Oxygen
is in a gaseous form, so adding oxygen takes up more room and reduces
normally aspirated power, and the amount of Nitrogen from it. By injecting
liquid Nitrous, the normally aspirated power only drops slightly and
in some cases it increases and it is adding oxygen and Nitrogen. To
put it simply, with nitrous oxide, we can get more Oxygen atoms in the
engine and have a lot more Nitrogen as well. Nitrous can make much more
power before heat is uncontrollable.
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